Chemical milling effect on the low cycle fatigue properties of cast Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–2Mo alloy

Abstract

The current research work presents the chemical milling effect on the low cycle fatigue properties of cast Ti–6Al–2Sn–4Zr–2Mo alloy. Chemical milling treatment is one of the final steps in manufacturing titanium alloy components that removes the brittle alpha-case layer formed during various thermal processes. The treatment includes immersion of the components in solutions containing hydrofluoric (HF) and nitric (HNO3) acids in relevant molar ratios. Although this treatment demonstrates advantages in handling components with complex net geometries, it may have detrimental effects on the surface, by introducing pitting and/or intergranular corrosion and thereby adversely affecting in particular the fatigue strength. The first series of specimens were tested in as-machined condition. Two more series were, prior to fatigue testing, subjected to 5 and 60min chemical milling treatment. It was found that the fatigue lives were substantially decreased for the chemically treated specimens. The fractographic investigation of all mechanically tested samples revealed multiple fatigue crack initiation sites in the chemically milled samples. These cracks were located either at the prior beta grain boundary or the prior beta grain boundary triple joints. The prior beta grain boundaries were found to have deep ditch-like appearance which depth increased with increasing milling time. These ditch-like grain boundaries acts as stress raisers and thereby promote early fatigue crack initiation and thus lower fatigue life.