Abstract
Among the main weeds with difficult to control in the sugarcane fields can be cited purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). This specie was observed in the seed bank in sugarcane fields harvested with or without burning. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of herbicides in pre-sprouted seedlings (PSS) of sugarcane in the control of C. rotundus and other weeds. The work was carried out in the field, in a randomized complete block design, and four replications. The treatments corresponded to the herbicides applied in pre-planting: sulfentrazone (800 g a.i. ha-1), diclosulam (193.17 g a.i. ha-1), imazapic (133 g a.i. ha-1) and imazapyr (500 g a.e. ha-1); post-planting: halosulfuron (112.5 g a.i. ha-1), ethoxysulfuron (135 g a.i. ha-1), MSMA (1,975 g a.i. ha-1) and 2,4-D (1,340 g a.e. ha-1); besides a control treatment weeding and another without weeding. The symptoms of injury on sugarcane plants, percentage of weed control, variables related to agronomic performance of sugarcane, and yield were evaluated. The herbicides diclosulam, imazapic, and imazapyr caused serious damage to the crop. The halosulfuron, ethoxysulfuron, MSMA, and 2,4-D did not cause symptoms of injury to sugarcane, however, the treatments had a reduced yield due to the low weed control. The sulfentrazone treatment obtained the second highest yield but with effective weed control (>70%) up to 45 days after planting. The best controls were obtained with pre-planting treatments; however, herbicide positioning studies should be performed in relation to PSS.
Highlights
Among the main weeds with difficult to control in the sugarcane fields can be cited purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.)
The treatments corresponded to the herbicides applied in pre-planting: sulfentrazone (800 g a.i. ha-1), diclosulam (193.17 g a.i. ha-1), imazapic (133 g a.i. ha1) and imazapyr (500 g a.e. ha-1); post-planting: halosulfuron (112.5 g a.i. ha-1), ethoxysulfuron (135 g a.i. ha1), MSMA (1,975 g a.i. ha-1) and 2,4-D (1,340 g a.e. ha-1); besides a control treatment weeding and another without weeding
The weeds that occurred in the area and their respective families were: Amaranthaceae: Amaranthus viridis L., A. tenella; Asteraceae: Bidens subalternans DC., Emilia fosbergii Nicolson; Commelinaceae: Commelina benghalensis L.; Cyperaceae: C. rotundus; Poaceae: Cenchrus echinatus L., D. ciliaris, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn, Panicum maximum Jacq., Urochloa plantaginea (Link) R.D
Summary
Among the main weeds with difficult to control in the sugarcane fields can be cited purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.). This specie was observed in the seed bank in sugarcane fields harvested with or without burning (Ferreira et al 2013), with quantities of up to 15 t ha-1 of straw (Ferreira et al 2010), considered the main weed among the 15 species found, presenting high accumulated Relative Importance (IR%) of 1,299 in green cane (Kuva et al 2007). Chemical management of Cyperus rotundus L. and other weeds at sugarcane in PSS system esculentus L., C. iria L., C. odoratus L., and C. rotundus. These species have characteristics in common, such as triangular stem and can be annual or perennial, herbaceous, and erect. For C. esculentus e C. rotundus reproduction occurs via tubers, being very expressive for the second species (Alves et al 2009; Lorenzi 2014)
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