Chemical Labeling Assisted Detection and Identification of Short Chain Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acid in Rat Colon and Cecum Contents.

Siddabasave Gowda B Gowda,Chongsheng Liang,Atsushi Yokota,Kentaro Kawakami,Hitoshi Chiba,Satoru Fukiya,Yonghan Li,Divyavani Gowda,Shu-Ping Hui

doi:10.3390/metabo10100398

Siddabasave Gowda B Gowda, Chongsheng Liang + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10100398

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Journal: Metabolites	Publication Date: Oct 8, 2020
Citations: 11	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Hokkaido University, Sapporo University

Abstract

Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are novel endogenous lipids with important physiological functions in mammals. We previously identified a new type of FAHFAs, named short-chain fatty acid esterified hydroxy fatty acids (SFAHFAs), with acetyl or propyl esters of hydroxy fatty acids of carbon chains, C ≥ 20. However, sensitive determination of SFAHFAs is still a challenge, due to their high structural similarity and low abundance in biological samples. This study employs one-step chemical derivatization following total lipid extraction using 2-dimethylaminoethylamine (DMED) for enhanced detection of SFAHFAs. The labeled extracts were subjected to ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled to linear ion trap quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC/LTQ-Orbitrap MS). Our results demonstrated that the detection sensitivities of SFAHFAs increased after DMED labeling, and is highly helpful in discovering six additional novel SFAHFAs in the cecum and colon contents of WKAH/HKmSlc rats fed with normal and high-fat diet (HFD). The identified DMED labeled SFAHFAs were characterized by their detailed MS/MS analysis, and their plausible fragmentation patterns were proposed. The concentrations of SFAHFAs were significantly reduced in the cecum of HFD group compared to the control. Hence, the proposed method could be a promising tool to apply for the enhanced detection of SFAHFAs in various biological matrices, which in turn facilitate the understanding of their sources, and physiological functions of these novel lipids.

Highlights

Lipids play important roles in biology, including structural components of cellular membranes, acting as energy storage and signaling molecules that contribute to the regulation of many cellular processes
Fatty acid esters of hydroxyl fatty acids (FAHFAs) are the new class lipids though they first identified in the European cabbage butterfly [4], but recently received considerable attention after analyzing them in mammalian white adipose tissue with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities [5,6,7]
We have recently identified a new type of lipids to the FAHFAs family named short-chain fatty acid esters of hydroxyl fatty acids (SFAHFAs) with ester linkage at C2 in the various tissues, plasma, and contents of the gastrointestinal tract [12]

Summary

Introduction

Lipids play important roles in biology, including structural components of cellular membranes, acting as energy storage and signaling molecules that contribute to the regulation of many cellular processes. Fatty acids and their derivatives serve as bioactive mediators in obesity and associated. Fatty acid esters of hydroxyl fatty acids (FAHFAs) are the new class lipids though they first identified in the European cabbage butterfly (named as mayolenes) [4], but recently received considerable attention after analyzing them in mammalian white adipose tissue with potential anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities [5,6,7]. We have shown that Eicosapentaenoic acid-derived FAHFAs as Nrf activators and promising antioxidants [9]

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