Abstract
A pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was developed for the qualitative determination of saponins in different parts of P. notoginseng, including rhizome, root, fibre root, seed, stem, leaf and flower. The samples were extracted using PLE. The analysis was achieved on a Zorbax SB-C18 column with gradient elution of acetonitrile and 8 mM aqueous ammonium acetate as mobile phase. The mass spectrometer was operated in the negative ion mode using the electrospray ionization, and a collision induced dissociation (CID) experiment was also carried out to aid the identification of compounds. Forty one saponins were identified in different parts of P. notoginseng according to the fragmentation patterns and literature reports, among them, 21 saponins were confirmed by comparing the retention time and ESI-MS data with those of standard compounds. The results showed that the chemical characteristics were obviously diverse in different parts of P. notoginseng, which is helpful for pharmacological evaluation and quality control of P. notoginseng.
Highlights
IntroductionThe biological activities of saponins were related with their structures [6,7], ginsenoside Rg1, which has a protopanaxatriol moiety, and ginsenoside Rb1 with protopanaxadiol as aglycon, exhibited opposite pharmacological activity [6]
In our previous study [8], the chemical characteristics of different parts of P. notoginseng determined using HPLC-ELSD was described, and the results showed that the content and type of investigated saponins in different parts of P. notoginseng were distinctly diverse
Notoginsenoside R1 was supplied by the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China); pseudo-ginsenoside F11, ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rf, Rb1, Rg2, Rh1, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd and Rg3 were purchased from International Laboratory (South San Francisco, CA, USA); Chikusetsusaponin L5, ginsenoside R2, F1, Ra3, notoginsenoside K, R4, Fa and didehydroginsenoside Rb1 were previously isolated and purified from the root of P. notoginseng by repeated silica gel, medium pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) and preparative high performance liquid chromatography
Summary
The biological activities of saponins were related with their structures [6,7], ginsenoside Rg1, which has a protopanaxatriol moiety, and ginsenoside Rb1 with protopanaxadiol as aglycon, exhibited opposite pharmacological activity [6]. Further chemical investigation of different parts of P. notoginseng is necessary and very important for ensuring the safety, efficacy and their quality. To date, the systematic HPLC-MS study of different parts of P. notoginseng has not been addressed. A PLE and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method was developed for separation and identification of saponins in different parts of P. notoginseng, including rhizome, root, fibre root, seed, stem, leaf and flower. 41 saponins (Figure 1) were identified in different parts of. The chemical characteristics of different parts of P. notoginseng were further compared
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