Abstract
We provide a framework to estimate the systematic uncertainties in chemical freeze-out parameters extracted from $\chi^2$ analysis of thermal model, using hadron multiplicity ratios in relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments. Using a well known technique of graph theory, we construct all possible sets of independent ratios from available hadron yields and perform $\chi^2$ minimization on each set. We show that even for ten hadron yields, one obtains a large number ($10^8$) of independent sets which results in a distribution of extracted freeze-out parameters. We analyze these distributions and compare our results for chemical freeze-out parameters and associated systematic uncertainties with previous results available in the literature.
Highlights
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions provides the opportunity to create hot and dense QCD matter and study its thermodynamic and transport properties
The “standard” model of relativistic heavy-ion collision has been developed in last few decades by analyzing the experimental data from Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Lab, USA and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland
The usual practice is to choose a specific set of independent ratios for the analysis, such that χ 2/NDF is close to 1
Summary
Relativistic heavy-ion collisions provides the opportunity to create hot and dense QCD matter and study its thermodynamic and transport properties. The thermodynamic equilibrium state of the strongly interacting matter is completely determined by the temperature (T ) and the three chemical potentials μQ, μB, and μS corresponding to baryon number (B), electric charge (Q), and strangeness (S), respectively These parameters at freeze-out can be extracted from statistical model calculations by performing a χ 2 minimization fit to the available experimental multiplicity data [21,22,23,24,45,46,47,48,49,50,51]. We perform χ 2 minimization on each set, which leads to a distribution of the extracted freeze-out parameters From these distributions, we obtain quantitative estimates of systematic uncertainty in the extracted freeze-out parameters corresponding to yield ratios of experimental data at 200 GeV (RHIC) and 2.76 TeV (LHC) collision energies. We compare our results for chemical freeze-out parameters and associated systematic uncertainties with previous results available in the literature
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