Chemical Exposure-Induced Cutaneous Fibrosis

Abstract

FIBROSIS OF prominent feature of a wide spectrum of clinical disorders. These syndromes are characterized by discrete or diffuse fibrosis of the skin, with or without associated systemic involvement. Whereas a majority of these conditions are currently considered to be idiopathic, others are believed to be associated with specific triggering agents ( Table 1 ). Several chemical and environmental exposures have been linked to the development of cutaneous fibrosis. The cause-and-effect relationship for some of these exposures has been established, based on epidemiologic findings, studies with animal models, and biological plausibility. For other environmental and chemical triggers, the relationship between the exposure and subsequent fibrosis is only tentative at this time. These exposure-associated fibrosing syndromes are particularly important for those interested in the study of cutaneous fibrosis, because they may provide clues regarding the cause and pathogenesis of the more common idiopathic fibrosing diseases such as scleroderma (systemic sclerosis). Furthermore, careful analysis