Chemical engineering of cellular processes

Abstract

Processes conducted by living cells determine the quantity and quality of our food, medicines, environment and our personal health and vitality. The functions of cells in these contexts are determined primarily by networks of specific catalytic and noncovalent interactions. The nature and activities of these networks are dictated by the DNA in the cell and the history of the cell's environment, thereby defining the ways in which engineers can influence cellular function. The onslaught of quantitative and qualitative knowledge in molecular biology, combined with the emergence of powerful and precise genetic, biochemical, chemical, analytical, and mathematical technologies, have defined the working framework and the needed tools for a systematic chemical engineering approach to creation and optimization of cellular processes to serve better the needs of mankind and our environment. Several recent examples demonstrate how chemical engineers are mobilizing this information and capability to address critical problems in bioprocessing, medicine, and in the generation of new molecules and materials. These examples illustrate the ability of chemical engineers to be more actively involved in the creation of products and processes, an essential endeavor for the future vitality of the profession.