Abstract
Lippia rotundifolia is an aromatic species, native and endemic to rocky fields, which are isolated by small mountains. It is little known about their chemical composition. Because of that we aimed to study the chemical diversity of volatiles released from rosemary leaves (Lippia rotundifolia Cham.) coming from 11 populations of the Minas Gerais, Brazil. The material for chemical analysis was obtained from the accessions in the active germplasm bank of the Instituto de Ciências agrárias of the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. A total of 67 compounds were detected by HS-CG-MS. Most volatiles were detected in the São Gonçalo do Rio das Pedras accession, with 40 compounds, whereas in the Santana do Riacho accession only 5 compounds were detected. Volatiles myrcene, linalool and caryophyllene were detected in the majority of the accessions. We concluded that Lippia rotundifolia presents high chemical variability. The volatiles mircene, linalool and caryophyllene are the most frequent, detected in most of the accessions. Due to some accession to present predominance of monoterpenes, others sesquiterpenes, studies of molecular analysis are necessary for associate the chemotypes, since environmental variation influence the gene expression of the secondary metabolites.
Highlights
The Cerrado concentrates one of the highest endemism rates of Brazilian flora
In Minas Gerais these environments are located in rupestrian fields, one of the phytophysiognomies of the Brazilian Cerrado
The genus Lippia Linn. is the second largest in this family, where most endemic species are concentrated at these altitudes (Fernandes et al 2011, Jacobi et al 2011, Carvalho et al 2012)
Summary
The Cerrado concentrates one of the highest endemism rates of Brazilian flora. With approximately 30% of the local vegetation intact, it is considered one of the conservation hotspots (Gastauer et al 2012). In Minas Gerais these environments are located in rupestrian fields, one of the phytophysiognomies of the Brazilian Cerrado. The rupestrian fields are characterized by altitudes above 800 m, xeromorphism and presence of rocky outcrops (Rapini et al 2008). In the floristic composition of this phytophysiognomy, there is a predominance of species of the Verbenaceae family (Carvalho et al 2012). Is the second largest in this family, where most endemic species are concentrated at these altitudes (Fernandes et al 2011, Jacobi et al 2011, Carvalho et al 2012). Among the endemic species of rupestrian fields is Lippia rotundifolia Cham. Known as pedestrian tea and rosemary, it is a shrub from 0.5 to 2 m tall (Salimena and Silva 2009), in restricted
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