Chemical Diversity of Essential Oils from Different Organs of the Moroccan Endemic Medicinal Plant Anvillea garcinii subsp. radiata

Abstract

Anvillea gracinii subsp. radiata is an endemic medicinal plant mainly distributed in south-eastern Morocco. The aim of the study was to extract the essential oils from separated organs (leaves, flowers, stems) and unseparated organs (aerial parts) by hydrodistillation and they were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC/FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The essential oil yields varied significantly according to plant organ, and are 0.65% for the flowers, 0.54% for the aerial parts, 0.43% for the leaves and 0.09% (w/w) for the stems. A total of 46 compounds were identified, including 35, 22, 20 and 19 components in the essential oils obtained from the whole plant, leaves, flowers and stems respectively. The main constituents of the aerial part and flower oils were cis 8-acetoxychrysantenyl acetate (30.8% and 45.7%, respectively) and cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (15.5% and 12.6%, respectively), while 6-oxocyclonerolidol and 6-hydroxcyclonerolidol were found to be major compounds in the leaves (72.7% and 9.5%, respectively) and stems (51.6% and 12.2%, respectively) essential oils. To the best of our knowledge, this present paper describes for the first time the comparative chemical composition of the essential oils from different vegetative organs of this species.