Abstract
In this study, we investigate how metabolic fingerprints are related to temperature. Six common northern temperate diatoms (Attheya longicornis, Chaetoceros socialis, Chaetoceros furcellatus, Porosira glacialis, Skeletonema marinoi, and Thalassiosira gravida) were cultivated at two different temperatures, 0.5 and 8.5 °C. To exclude metabolic variations due to differences in growth rates, the growth rates were kept similar by performing the experiments under light limited conditions but in exponential growth phase. Growth rates and maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis were measured and interpreted as physiological variables, and metabolic fingerprints were acquired by high-resolution mass spectrometry. The chemical diversity varied substantially between the two temperatures for the tested species, ranging from 31% similarity for C. furcellatus and P. glacialis to 81% similarity for A. longicornis. The chemical diversity was generally highest at the lowest temperature.
Highlights
The general biochemical composition of algae is relatively well described in terms of common compounds [1,2,3]
To examine which of the temperatures that caused the largest deviation from the optimal obtainable 90% similarity, the number of hits for each species at each temperature against all other species at both temperatures, it appeared that lower hit rates at the lowest temperature was present for A. longicornis, P. glacialis, S. marinoi and T. gravida while the two Chaetoceros species did not differ between temperatures (Figure 4)
The difference between replicates of the same sample with respect to m/z signals was ca. 10%. This means that a strict interpretation of our data, in this context, leads to the conclusion that the maximum similarities were up to 90% and that differences should be interpreted as having more than 10% variability
Summary
The general biochemical composition of algae is relatively well described in terms of common compounds [1,2,3]. Several studies of the chemical composition of diatoms as a function of temperature have been done, some of them have led to contradictory conclusions It is e.g., a common conception that volume specific C and N content varies with temperature, and decreases with increasing cell size [12,13]. Large amounts of “functionally unknown” sequences were found, indicating that the diatoms might have potentials for metabolic flexibility and high chemical diversity. This is supported by the fact that diatoms are known to produce a wide array of secondary metabolites [19]. The analysis of the data was focused at differences and similarities in mass-to-charge (m/z) signals between samples rather than on the specific identity of compounds
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