Abstract
The experimental degradation of a water soluble dye, potassium indigo tetrasulfonate salt, has been studied using stand-alone ozonation and photocatalytic oxidation process. Progress of the dye oxidation was followed by UV-VIS spectrophotometric measurements at controlled operating conditions. The organic content of reaction samples was measured to verify the process efficiency in dye mineralization. According to current results, almost complete color removal was obtained for ozonation within about 1 h reaction time. The reduction of the organic load was almost 80% from its original while initial sulphur content decreased to 32.5%. Dye conversion of 100% was obtained by means of a photocatalytic process using TiO2 as catalyst at 294 nm irradiated UV light. This complete color removal for the catalytic process was observed within 7 min of reaction time. The calculated initial rate of reaction of photocatalysis treatment was 8 times faster than that of ozonolysis. However, the remaining organic load of photocatalysis was almost 88% from its original while the final sulphur content was 27.3%. This contrasting behavior of the performance of the type of oxidation process stressed importance of physicochemical phenomena and intermediates molecules present during dye degradation. An insightful and mechanistic aspect of the dye oxidation was developed by performing quantumchemical calculations.
Highlights
Nowadays, water pollution is the main concern of both research and governmental groups due to the increasing scarcity of drinking-water underground reserves and to the type and concentration of pollutant present in industrial wastewater
Textile industry represents one of the major environmental problems because it uses a large volume of the liquid and because the chemical compounds present in waste show resistance to elimination either by a biological or by chemical manner
The holes and electrons participate in the photocatalysis pathway resulting in the generation of hydroxyl (OH) radicals, which are the precursors of decomposition of any organic substrate
Summary
Water pollution is the main concern of both research and governmental groups due to the increasing scarcity of drinking-water underground reserves and to the type and concentration of pollutant present in industrial wastewater. Textile industry represents one of the major environmental problems because it uses a large volume of the liquid and because the chemical compounds present in waste show resistance to elimination either by a biological or by chemical manner. In Mexico, for instances, governmental policies are becoming more strict concerning water treatment of textile industry wastes because water from these plants must be used for farming and cattle rising without further pollution problems. Some refractory aromatic compounds such as aniline and phenol are present in these effluents but in rather low concentration [3]
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