Chemical control of stem nematode, Ditylenchus dipsaci, in field beans (Vicia faba)

Abstract

SUMMARY‘Giant race’ stem nematode (Ditylenchus dipsaci) was well controlled in spring beans (Vicia faba) by up to 5 kg aldicarb or carbofuran ha‐1 applied to the seed furrows at sowing. Carbofuran was rather more effective in the clay loam soil used than was aldicarb. The best treatments almost eliminated injury to the stems and nematode infestation in the harvested seed. Similarly applied, oxamyl and fenamiphos were less effective and phorate, dimethoate and disulfoton were ineffective. Applying part of the dosage of an effective nematicide to the seed furrows and part along the plant rows mid‐season was no more effective and was sometimes less effective than applying the whole dose to the seed furrows. Treating the plant rows mid‐season with aldicarb or phoxim sometimes enhanced control but thiabendazole applied thus did not. Seed furrow applications of aldicarb or carbofuran were much less effective in controlling the nematodes in winter beans and seed dressings were less effective than seed furrow treatments. In one experiment, in plots in which aldicarb or oxamyl had been applied to the seed furrows, phoxim or thiabendazole applied over the rows of plants, enhanced nematode control. In two other experiments, thiabendazole was ineffective when applied in this way or when applied as a combined soil and plant treatment.