Chemical Constituents from Roots of Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels and Their Glucose Transporter 4 Translocation Activities.

Kangdi Li,Yuanren Ma,Xinzhou Yang,Tongxi Zhou,Ho-Young Choi

doi:10.3390/molecules26030756

Abstract

Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels is a multi-purpose traditional medicine that has long been used for the treatment of various diseases. To discover the potential bioactive composition of S. davidii, a chemical investigation was thus performed. In this research, two new stilbene oligomers, Davidiol E–F (1–2), one new 4-aryl-substituted isoflavan Davidinin A (3), and one new 2-arylbenzofuran dimer, Shandougenine C (4), as well as six known compounds (5–10) were obtained from the ethyl acetate fraction of Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels. The structures of new compounds were established by extensive 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra with mass spectroscopy data. The absolute configuration of 1–3 was assigned by comparing its experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Compounds 1–10 promoted glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) translocations by the range of 1.28–2.60 folds, respectively. Compound 9 showed the most potent glucose transporter 4 translocations with 1.60 fold enhancement. The result attained in this study indicated that the separation and characterization of these compounds plays an important role in the research and development of new anti-diabetic drugs and pharmaceutical industry.

Highlights

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic noninfectious disease, which can make the body experience continuous hyperglycemia and long-term metabolic disorder, and lead to the damage, dysfunction, and failure of the whole body’s tissues and organs [1]
DM is classified into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in which T2DM accounts for nearly 95% of individuals
The insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is performed through the solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter type 4, which is rapidly translocated to the plasma membrane in response to the hormone [5]

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic noninfectious disease, which can make the body experience continuous hyperglycemia and long-term metabolic disorder, and lead to the damage, dysfunction, and failure of the whole body’s tissues and organs [1]. The insulin-stimulated glucose uptake is performed through the solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter type 4, which is rapidly translocated to the plasma membrane in response to the hormone [5]. This protein has a potential role in preventive or therapeutic approaches for diabetes. Much evidence has indicated that herbal medicines and their active ingredients possess anti-diabetics properties with less toxicity and fewer adverse effects [6]. Much evidenc2eohf a12s indicated that herbal medicines and their active ingredients possess anti-diabetics properties with less toxicity and fewer adverse effects [6].

Results and Discussion

Materials

Extraction and Isolation

ECD Calculations

GLUT-4 Translocation Assay

Conclusions