Abstract
Moisture, protein, oil and carbohydrate contents of date–pits varied from 3.1–12.5, 2.3–6.9, 5.0–12.5 and 70.9–86.9 g/100 g date–pits, respectively. BET–monolayer (i.e. strongly bound) moisture content, solids–melting peak (at moisture: 6.7 g/100 g date–pits), and melting point of oil were 4.3 g/100 g dry–solids, 106oC, and 1.8oC, respectively. The major fatty acids were lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids and polyphenol content varied from 21.0–62.0 mg/g date–pits depending on the varieties, types of solvent and temperature used for extraction. Date–pits showed effectives in animal and poultry feeds and it could be used as value added products, such as: dietary fibres, functional polysaccharides, caffeine–free drinks (similar to coffee), oil (biofuel or cooking oil), and other functional or medicinal products. Date–pits powder and activated carbon from date– –pits showed effective in purifying water by removing different types of pollutants, such as heavy metals, boron, dyes, phenolic compounds, and pesticides. Date–pits also showed effective to be used as ingredient for composed, biomass, and fermentation processes.
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