Chemical Compositions and Plant Secondary Metabolites of Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L) Oilseed Press-cake from Different Locations

Abstract

Abstract The industry of tamanu crude oil results in by-product called tamanu oil cake (TOC). The present study investigates the variation of chemical compositions and plant secondary metabolites of TOC collected from different locations as unconventional feed. The TOC was collected from three districts as follows: Purworejo, Bantul, and Sleman. These districts are the production centre of TCO in Central Java Province. Dry matter and organic matter were not different among locations. The TOC from Sleman had higher crude protein than Purworejo and Bantul (p<0.001; 23.5% vs. 19.9% vs. 12.9%). The crude fiber of TOC from Sleman was the lowest followed by Bantul, and then Purworejo (p=0.001; 10.42% vs. 19.6% vs. 28.1%). The ether extract was higher from Purworejo and Bantul compared to Sleman (p=0.001; 13.9% and 15.6% vs. 5.96%). The TOC from Purworejo and Bantul had higher phenol (p=0.002; 6.13% and 5.36% vs. 3.73%), flavonoid (p=0.002; 6.13% and 5.36% vs. 3.73%), saponin (p=0.023; 0.80% and 0.84% vs. 0.57%), and tannin (p=0.001; 0.90% and 0.83% vs. 0.47%) than from Sleman. Considering chemical composition and plant secondary metabolites, the present study concluded that TOC from Sleman was recommended for poultry feed, while TOC from Purworejo and Bantul was recommended for ruminant feed.