Abstract
BackgroundMarine invertebrates are well known as pivotal bioresources with bioactive substances such as anti-inflammatory sterols, antitumor terpenes, and antimicrobial peptides. However, there are few scientific reports on chemical compositions and bioactivities of marine invertebrates from the East Sea of South Korea.MethodsIn this study, chemical compositions and biological activities were evaluated on both 70% EtOH and hot water extracts of 5 species of marine invertebrates (Crossaster papposus japonicus, Actinostola carlgreni, Stomphia coccinea, Actinostola sp., and Heliometra glacialis) collected from the East Sea of South Korea. The antioxidant activities were measured by ABTS radical scavenging assay. The cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated using MTT and Griess reagents. Moreover, the antibacterial effect was evaluated using paper disc assay and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay.ResultsIn the results of antioxidant activities, 70% EtOH extract of A. carlgreni showed the highest activity (IC50 0.19 ± 0.03 mg/ml) compared to other extracts. Moreover, 70% EtOH extract of A. carlgreni could significantly suppress the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7. All extracts treated under 400 μg/ml have no cytotoxic effects on RAW 264.7 macrophages. In the antibacterial test, both 70% EtOH extracts of C. papposus japonicus and H. glacialis showed a significant antibacterial effect on Staphylococcus aureus. The MIC values were evaluated at 256 and 512 μg/ml, respectively.ConclusionsThese results suggested the bioactive potentials of marine invertebrates from the East Sea of South Korea in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications.
Highlights
Marine invertebrates are well known as pivotal bioresources with bioactive substances such as antiinflammatory sterols, antitumor terpenes, and antimicrobial peptides
The aim of this study is to investigate the chemical compositions and biological activities of marine invertebrates such as Crossaster papposus japonicus, Actinostola carlgreni, Stomphia coccinea, Actinostola sp., and Heliometra glacialis collected from the East Sea of South Korea
This study was focused on chemical compositions and biological activities of marine invertebrates such as Crossaster papposus japonicus, Actinostola carlgreni, Stomphia coccinea, Actinostola sp., and Heliometra glacialis collected from the East Sea
Summary
Marine invertebrates are well known as pivotal bioresources with bioactive substances such as antiinflammatory sterols, antitumor terpenes, and antimicrobial peptides. There are few scientific reports on chemical compositions and bioactivities of marine invertebrates from the East Sea of South Korea. Marine algae are a great source of polyphenolic compounds like phlorotannins with various bioactivities (Wijesinghe and Jeon 2011). Marine invertebrates such as sponges, soft corals, starfish, and sea squirt produce various secondary metabolites in their defense system against predators and microorganism infection, which has a potential biological effect on human health (Ko et al 2017). Few studies have been reported on the secondary metabolites of marine invertebrates from the East Sea of South Korea (Ko et al 2017)
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