Abstract
BackgroundArtemisia campestris L. (Asteraceae) is a medicinal herb traditionally used to treat hypertension and many other diseases. Hence, this study is aimed to analyze the essential oil of A. campestris L (AcEO) and to investigate the antiplatelet, antioxidant effects and the mechanisms of its vasorelaxant effect.MethodsThe chemical composition of AcEO was elucidated using GC/MS analysis. Then, the antioxidant effect was tested on DPPH radical scavenging and on the prevention of β-carotene bleaching. The antiplatelet effect was performed on the presence of the platelet agonists: thrombin and ADP. The mechanism of action of the vasorelaxant effect was studied by using the cellular blockers specified to explore the involvement of NO/GC pathway and in the presence of calcium channels blockers and potassium channels blockers.ResultsAcEO is predominated by the volatiles: spathulenol, ß-eudesmol and p-cymene. The maximal antioxidant effect was obtained with the dose 2 mg/ml of AcEO. The dose 1 mg/ml of AcEO showed a maximum antiplatelet effect of, respectively 49.73% ±9.54 and 48.20% ±8.49 on thrombin and ADP. The vasorelaxation seems not to be mediated via NOS/GC pathway neither via the potassium channels. However, pretreatment with calcium channels blockers attenuated this effect, suggesting that the vasorelaxation is mediated via inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels and the activation of SERCA pumps of reticulum plasma.ConclusionThis study confirms the antioxidant, antiplatelet and vasorelaxant effects of A.campestris L essential oil. However, the antihypertensive use of this oil should be further confirmed by the chemical fractionation and subsequent bio-guided assays.
Highlights
Artemisia campestris L. (Asteraceae) is a medicinal herb traditionally used to treat hypertension and many other diseases
The compounds mentioned β-Carotene bleaching assay The prevention of β-carotene bleaching with linoleic acid was effective for A.campestris L. essential oil (AcEO) (AAmax% = 82.2% ± 12.7) and the standard ascorbic acid (AA max % = 86.65% ± 6.45) and the antioxidant effect of both tested substrates was higher than 50% (Fig. 3a)
Previous studies reported the existence of two chemotypes of A. campestris L. essential oil occurring in different localities; the most relevant chemotype consists mainly in β-pinene alone or together with α-pinene occurring mainly in Tunisia [14, 59,60,61,62], Algeria [10, 63,64,65], and Southern Ural [66], while the other chemotype was characterized by the volatiles: tremetone and capillen, detected in essential oil of A. campestris L. growing in Turkey [24]
Summary
Artemisia campestris L. (Asteraceae) is a medicinal herb traditionally used to treat hypertension and many other diseases. (Asteraceae) is a medicinal herb traditionally used to treat hypertension and many other diseases. This study is aimed to analyze the essential oil of A. campestris L (AcEO) and to investigate the antiplatelet, antioxidant effects and the mechanisms of its vasorelaxant effect. The administration of A.campestris L. extract induced antihypertensive effect on envenomed hypertensive rats, and provoked 10% to 30% of hypertension drop, while the pretreatment with the herb extract prevented the rise of hypertension [32]. In the aim to highlight the importance of this plant in the cardiovascular therapy, this study was performed to analyze the essential oil of A. campestris L. (AcEO) growing in oriental Morocco, to investigate its vasorelaxant and subsequent mechanism of action and to determine its antiplatelet and antioxidant effects In the aim to highlight the importance of this plant in the cardiovascular therapy, this study was performed to analyze the essential oil of A. campestris L. (AcEO) growing in oriental Morocco, to investigate its vasorelaxant and subsequent mechanism of action and to determine its antiplatelet and antioxidant effects
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