Chemical Composition of Lupin (Lupinus spp.) as Influenced by Variety and Tillage System

Katarzyna Panasiewicz

doi:10.3390/agriculture12020263

Abstract

Lupins are an important source of domestic protein in many countries, and are often considered as an alternative to soybeans, given their elevated and high-quality protein content, suitability for sustainable production and consumer acceptability. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the variety (indeterminate and determinate) and tillage system (conventional—CT, reduced tillage—RT, no-tillage—NT) on the chemical composition of three lupin species seeds (narrow leaved lupin—NL, yellow lupin—YL, white lupin—WL). The protein content of the lupin seeds ranged from 323 g kg−1 DM in the narrow-leaved lupin ‘Dalbor’ to 445 g kg−1 DM in the yellow lupin ‘Lord’. The tillage system significantly influenced the crude protein content only in NL seeds, with the greatest value observed with the NT system. An evaluation of the amino acid composition of the protein in the lupin seeds showed that the differences depended largely on the variation between the species. The conducted research shows that the varietal differentiation in terms of the amino acid content was particularly evident in NL and YL, and, to a lesser extent, in WL.

Highlights

The systematic growth of the world’s population has caused a simultaneous increase in the demand for food
The variety resulted in differences in the crude fiber (CF) and CL contents (p < 0.01), but only for CL in the case of white lupin (p < 0.05)
The highest protein content was only found in the NT system for narrow-leaved lupin, whereas these differences were not significant in yellow lupin and white lupin

Summary

Introduction

The systematic growth of the world’s population has caused a simultaneous increase in the demand for food. Lupin (Lupinus spp.) can be a good alternative to genetically modified organism (GMO) soybeans, as it is a valuable source of protein for human consumption and can be used as a livestock feed in the form of seeds, forage and silage [4]. Lupin species have been shown to have a relatively high tolerance to various environmental stresses, nitrate excess, low root temperature, lime excess and salinity, and could be cultivated worldwide [9]. This plant is very important in plant production as it can fix nitrogen (N2) from the atmosphere, thereby increasing the concentration in the soil of one the most important plant nutrients [10]

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