Abstract
The article deals with the chemical composition of bottom sediments in the small mountain rivers Aktru, Tyute, and Uznezya (Altai, Russia). It is established that as compared to small and middle plain rivers in Taiga zone, Siberia bottom sediments of the Aktru River contain less amount of K, Na, V, Cr, Mn, Ni, Al, Si, Ti, Sr, approximately the same – Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb and more – As, Ca, Mg. It is suggested that there is a sharp increase of relative Al, Na, K and Si shares from the upland to lowland due to both weathering products accumulation of primary alumosilicates in bottom sediments and export of Ca and Mg from them when dissolving carbonate minerals. Composition transformations of bottom sediments is non-linear and considerably depends on composition of underlying and water-bearing rocks and water exchange intensity that manages time, conditions, and stages of interactions in “water – organic matter – rock” system.
Highlights
Humic Rivers consisting of surface water and lands covered with it within the shore line with bottom sediments formed as a result of different physical, chemical, and biological processes in a water body and its watershed are a boundary layer between rivers and subsurface, their chemical composition being one of the most essential factors for evaluating general state of water ecosystems and indicator of natural-anthropogenic changes in climate and environment [1, 2]
Chemical composition of bottom sediments in the Aktru, Tyute and Uznezya Rivers is characterized by concentrations of Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb typical for valley rivers of Siberian Taiga zone
One could suggest that there is a sharp increase in relative parts of Al, Na, K and, Si from mountain to valley regions due to both accumulation of weathering products of primary aluminosilicates in the sediments and washout of Ca and Mg from them at solution of carbonate minerals
Summary
Humic Rivers consisting of surface water and lands covered with it within the shore line with bottom sediments (solid particles) formed as a result of different physical, chemical, and biological processes in a water body and its watershed are a boundary layer between rivers and subsurface, their chemical composition being one of the most essential factors for evaluating general state of water ecosystems and indicator of natural-anthropogenic changes in climate and environment [1, 2]. The adequate study in ecological and geochemical conditions of water bodies should include investigation of chemical composition of water, and bottom sediments. In this connection, in the recent decades the study in bottom sediments (hereinafter referred to as river sediments) in vicinity of residential areas and industrial centers is being given focused attention in many parts of the world, in the high anthropogenic-risk areas [2, 3]. The data on river conditions with minimal anthropogenic impact may and should be used in evaluating background geochemical indicators
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