Abstract
ABSTRACTThe swollen succulent stem of tumorous stem mustard (Brassica juncea var. tumida Tsen et Lee) is the raw material in the processing of Chinese Fuling zhàcài. We found that total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of tumorous stem mustard leaf extracts (TSMLE) were significant higher than that of tumorous stem mustard stem extracts (TSMSE). The percentage of isorhamnetin 5-O-hexoside, methyl quercetin O-hexoside, and luteolin O-hexosyl-O-hexosyl-O-hexoside in TSMLE were 170, 230 and 694 times higher than that in TSMSE. TSMLE presented stronger antioxidant capacity against 2,2'-Azino-bis[3-ethylbenzothiazoline]-6-sulfonic acid cationic free radical (ABTS+) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals, and it also showed higher reducing power and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Both TSMLE and TSMSE inhibited lung carcinoma cell growth in a dose-dependent manner, while TSMLE was more effective against A549 cells than TSMSE. This is the first report indicates that tumorous stem mustard, especially its leaf, is a potential diet source in preventing of oxidative stress and cancer.
Highlights
Tumorous stem mustard (Brassica juncea var. tumida Tsen et Lee, Figure 1(a)), a native cruciferous vegetable crop in Asia countries, is a very important fresh and processed vegetable in winter and spring (Xie et al, 2014)
We found that the extraction yield of tumorous stem mustard leaf extracts (TSMLE) and tumorous stem mustard stem extracts (TSMSE) from leaf and stem of tumorous stem mustard, which was extracted with 80% methanol, was 0.15% and 0.1%, respectively
It is well known that polyphenols are important phytochemicals present in all vegetal tissues, and it plays a key role in preventing diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and chronic inflammatory diseases (Díaz-García, Obón, Castellar, Collado, & Alacid, 2013)
Summary
Tumorous stem mustard (Brassica juncea var. tumida Tsen et Lee, Figure 1(a)), a native cruciferous vegetable crop in Asia countries, is a very important fresh and processed vegetable in winter and spring (Xie et al, 2014). Thousands of tons of tumorous stem mustard leaf was discarded in farmland per year since zhàcài become a commodity in China from 1899 (Yuan, 2016) This causes an environmental problem and is a great waste of dietary resources. The increasing researches indicate that vegetal foods and nutrients play an important role in the prevention of cancer development (Key et al, 2004). In this regard, ingestion of leaf and swollen succulent stem of tumorous stem mustard may be a potential strategy for anticancer. The main endeavor of the current study was to investigate the potential anti-proliferation activity of tumorous stem mustard leaf
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