Abstract
Background: Avicennia schaueriana Stapf & Leechm. ex Moldenke (Acanthaceae) is a native species from the Brazilian mangroves presenting ecological and economic significance. This study compared the composition and the biological activities from the essential oils obtained from two A. schaueriana populations collected at Jureia-Itatins and Ilha do Cardoso. Methods: Essential oils were obtained by conventional means, and their compositions were analyzed by GC-MS. Screening assays for antimicrobial activity were carried out by the microdilution method and the antioxidant potential was assessed by the DPPH scavenging method. Results: The GC-MS analysis indicated that the Jureia oil (1) was composed mostly of the fatty acids palmitic (46.5%) and myristic (11.6%) acids, while the main components for the Ilha do Cardoso oil (2) were eugenol (19.7%), eugenol acetate (12.9%) and palmitic acid (15.1%). The oils showed an IC50 of 0.9 ± 0.011 mg/mL for 1 and 1.13 ± 0.028 mg/mL for 2 in the DPPH assay. The antimicrobial assay indicated MIC > 217 µg/mL for all tested microorganisms. Conclusions: The different essential oil composition may indicate the presence of chemotypes for A. schaueriana. The antioxidant activity of the oils was weak if compared with flavonoids. Despite the high MIC values, these oils presented some antibacterial potential against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Highlights
Avicennia L. (Acanthaceae) comprises eight species of mangrove trees that occur in intertidal zones of estuaries and seashores
The voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of the Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Brazil, with vouchers RSCabral 16-SP for the plant collected at Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso and RSCabral 46 for the one collected at Estação Ecológica Jureia-Itatins
The essential oil yields (w/w) for the A. schaueriana leaves were 0.0035% for the specimen collected at the Estação Ecológica Jureia-Itatins (1) and 0.0085% for that collected at Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso (2)
Summary
Avicennia L. (Acanthaceae) comprises eight species of mangrove trees that occur in intertidal zones of estuaries and seashores. (Acanthaceae) comprises eight species of mangrove trees that occur in intertidal zones of estuaries and seashores. These species are found in tropical and subtropical coastlines, and they have ecological and economic significance [1]. This study compared the composition and the biological activities from the essential oils obtained from two A. schaueriana populations collected at Jureia-Itatins and Ilha do Cardoso. Methods: Essential oils were obtained by conventional means, and their compositions were analyzed by GC-MS. Results: The GC-MS analysis indicated that the Jureia oil (1) was composed mostly of the fatty acids palmitic (46.5%) and myristic (11.6%). Acids, while the main components for the Ilha do Cardoso oil (2) were eugenol (19.7%), eugenol acetate (12.9%) and palmitic acid (15.1%). The oils showed an IC50 of 0.9 ± 0.011 mg/mL for 1 and
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