Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Anthocleista vogelii Planch Root Bark Extracts

Abstract

This study sought to investigate the chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activities of ethanol extract and fractions of the root bark of Anthocleista vogelii Planch. The GCMS analysis of the n-hexane fraction (nHF) of A. vogelii revealed the presence of 12 volatile compounds. While the classes of compounds profiled in terpenoid rich fraction (TRF) using LCMS were majorly terpenoids (tarennoside, 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, 12-hydroxyjasmonic acid, 5-megastigmen-7-yne-3,9-diol 9-glucoside, gibberellin A2 O-beta-D-glucoside, 15-Acetoxyscirpene-3,4-diol 4-O-a-D-glucopyranoside), organic/carboxylic acids and fatty acids. The results revealed good antibacterial activity of ethanol extract (EEx) against S. aureus at MIC = 2 mg/mL, but moderate activity by TRF (MIC = 8 mg/mL) although, the TRF had better antibacterial activity than EEX against E. coli (MIC = 8 mg/mL) and S. paratyphi (MIC = 8 mg/mL). The TRF had similar antifungal activity with EEX against T. rubrum (MIC = 4 mg/mL) and T. mentagrophytes (MIC = 8 mg/mL), but displayed better activity against C. albicans (MIC = 4 mg/mL). The nHF showed no antibacterial or antifungal activities. The antimicrobial activities of extract (EEX) and fraction (TRF) of A. vogelii root back validates its use in traditional medicine for treatment of typhoid, urinary tract infection, food poisoning, diarrhea, stomach aches and skin diseases.