Abstract
A quantitative relation between the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition and the tolerance factor ( t) in (Bi 0.5Na 0.5)TiO 3 (BNT)-based piezoelectric ceramics was established. The t value of the MPB compositions in BNT-based ceramics is around 0.990–0.993 and is independent of the types of added compounds. In order to experimentally demonstrate it, two piezoelectric ceramic systems (1 − x)(Bi 0.5Na 0.5)TiO 3– x(Ba 1− a Sr a )TiO 3, a = 0.05 and 0.3 (BNBST5- x and BNBST30- x, x < 12%), were used. X-ray diffraction patterns and the lattice parameter investigations revealed that these two systems formed solid solutions within the studied stoichiometry and showed a rhombohedral–tetragonal phase transformation. Furthermore, both the structure analysis and electric properties measurements indicated that the MPB compositions were BNBST5-6 and BNBST30-8 and their corresponding t value were 0.9900 and 0.9903, respectively. The results confirm the relation between the MPB composition and t value and provide a method for designing new piezoelectric materials.
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