Abstract
Chemical composition and porosity characteristics of calcium silicate-based endodontic cements are important determinants of their clinical performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and porosity characteristics of various calcium silicate-based endodontic cements: MTA-angelus, Bioaggregate, Biodentine, Micromega MTA, Ortho MTA, and ProRoot MTA. The specific surface area, pore volume, and pore diameter were measured by the porosimetry analysis of N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms. Chemical composition and powder analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were also carried out on these endodontic cements. Biodentine and MTA-angelus showed the smallest pore volume and pore diameter, respectively. Specific surface area was the largest in MTA-angelus. SEM and EDS analysis showed that Bioaggregate and Biodentine contained homogenous, round and small particles, which did not contain bismuth oxide.
Highlights
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was introduced in endodontic field as root end filling material and perforation repair material in early 1990s [1]
Many calcium silicate-based cements such as MTA-angelus [12], Bioaggregate [13], Biodentine [12], Micromega MTA (MM-MTA) [6], and Ortho MTA [14] have been introduced in market and showed good clinical and experimental results
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that these long spindle-shaped particles were mainly composed of bismuth
Summary
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was introduced in endodontic field as root end filling material and perforation repair material in early 1990s [1]. Due to its superior biocompatibility [2] and sealing ability [3], MTA has been widely used for perforation repair [4], root end filling [5], pulp capping [6], one-visit apexification [7], and pulpal revascularization [8]. MTA has been described to have drawbacks such as long setting time [9], tooth discoloration potential [10], and handling difficulty [11]. To overcome these drawbacks, many calcium silicate-based cements such as MTA-angelus [12], Bioaggregate [13], Biodentine [12], Micromega MTA (MM-MTA) [6], and Ortho MTA [14] have been introduced in market and showed good clinical and experimental results. Considering that the porosity of MTA is related to its ability to resist microbial penetration and leakage [20], there is relative lack of knowledge on this issue currently
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