Chemical Composition and Nutritional Value of Some Type of Wild Mushrooms in Blue Nile State

Ibrahim Ishag Ibrahim Omer,Ebrahim Alfaig Alnoor Alfaig

doi:10.11648/j.ijfsb.20200502.12

Ibrahim Ishag Ibrahim Omer, Ebrahim Alfaig Alnoor Alfaig

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijfsb.20200502.12

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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the chemical composition and nutritional value for eight samples of edible mushrooms, including seven samples of wild edible mushrooms collected from Blue Nile State and one commercial sample. All samples were classified by Mycokey software program and mushroom expert web site. In addition, the mushrooms varieties found are Agaricus bisporus, Chlorophyllum rhacodes, Agaricus lutosus, Volvariella volvacea, Agaricus impudicus, Agaricus arvensis, Agaricus silvicola and the commercial sample (Agaricus bisporus). Also, toxicity was detected using potassium hydroxide (4%) during collection in the field and for all samples the toxicity test was negative. The results showed that the samples containing varying moisture content between samples ranged from 5.26% to 11.11%. Fat content ranged from 0.94% to 2.99%. Protein content ranged between 19.41% to 34.14%. Ash content ranged from 0.22% to 1.47%. Add to that, the fiber content ranged from 5.25% to 23.86%. Carbohydrate content ranged from 26.76% to 77.91%. The calcium content (mg/kg) ranged from 5.80 to 8.60. The magnesium content (mg/kg) ranged from 3.07 to 5.50. The phosphorus content (mg/kg) ranged from 2.15 to 2.50. The potassium content (mg/kg) ranged from 21.20 to 21.50. The iron content (mg/100g) ranged from 1.30 to 1.55. The zinc content (mg/100g) ranged from 0.51 to 0.52. The copper content (mg/100g) ranged from 0.10 to 0.11. The manganese content (mg/100g) ranged from 0.10 to 0.12. The essential amino acids content (mg/100g) of mushroom samples were: arginine content ranged from 6.30 to 6.40. Histidine content ranged from 1.90 to 2.20. Lysine content ranged from 5.00 to 5.10. Tryptophan content ranged from 0.88 to 0.90. Phenylalanine content ranged from 2.00 to 2.10. Methionine content ranged from 1.00 to 1.15. Threonine content ranged from 4.05 to 4.10. Leucine content ranged from 3.90 to 4.10. Isoleucine content ranged from 5.56 to 5.70. Valine content ranged from 4.20 to 4.50. All samples contain high levels of protein, minerals and essential amino acids. However, the Volvariella volvacea sample is the best sample in terms of containing the protein so it can be entered as a dietary supplement in some processed foods that contain very small amounts of protein.

Highlights

Mushrooms are the fruiting bodies of macro-fungi
The highest moisture content 11.11% was in Volvariella volvacea, Agaricus arvensis and Agaricus silvicola, whereas the lowest 5.26% was in Agaricus bisporus, Chlorophyllum rhacodes, Agaricus lutosus, Agaricus impudicus and the commercial sample (Agaricus bisporus), respectively
Abdalla (2015) [1] reported that the moisture content of some wild edible mushrooms ranged between 6.97% and 14.07% Saiqa et al, (2008) [18] reported that the moisture content of wild edible mushrooms was in Agaricus bisporus was 5.9% and moisture content 9% for the variety Volvariella volvacea was reported by Mshandete and Cuff (2007)[15]

Summary

Introduction

Mushrooms are the fruiting bodies of macro-fungi. They include both edible/medicinal and poisonous species. The term “toadstool” has no meaning at all and it has been proposed that the term is dropped altogether in order to avoid confusion and the terms edible, medicinal and poisonous mushrooms are used. Mushroom nutriceuticals describe a new class of compounds extractable from either the mycelium or the fruit body of mushrooms and embody both their nutritional and medicinal features. They are consumed as a dietary supplement that has potential therapeutic applications [8]

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