Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine the chemical composition and nematicidal activity of essential oil of Agastache rugosa flowering aerial parts against the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, and to isolate and identify any nematicidal constituents from the essential oil. The essential oil of A. rugosa aerial parts was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of 37 components of the essential oil were identified, with the principal compounds being methyleugenol (50.51%), estragole (8.55%), and eugenol (7.54%), followed by thymol (3.62%), pulegone (2.56%), limonene (2.49%) and caryophyllene (2.38%). Based on bioactivity-guided fractionation, the three active constituents were isolated from the essential oil and identified as methyleugenol, estragole and eugenol. The essential oil of A. rugosa exhibited strong nematicidal activity against M. incognita, with a LC50 value of 47.3 μg/mL. The components eugenol (LC50 = 66.6 μg/mL) and methyleugenol (LC50 = 89.4 μg/mL) exhibited stronger nematicidal activity against M. incognita (LC50 = 185.9 μg/mL). The results indicate that the essential oil of A. rugosa aerial parts and its constituent compounds have potential for development into natural nematicides for control of the root knot nematode.
Highlights
Nematodes are tiny worms, some of them are parasites to plants, and can play an important role in the predisposition of the host plant to invasions by secondary pathogens
A literature survey has shown that there are no reports on the nematidicidal activity of A. rugosa essential oil against root-knot nematodes, we decided to investigate for the first time the chemical constituents and nematicidal activity of the essential oil of A. rugosa against this species and to isolate any active constituent compounds from the essential oil
The principal compounds in the essential oil of A. rugosa were methyleugenol (50.51%), estragole (8.55%), and eugenol (7.54%) (Figure 1), followed by thymol
Summary
Some of them are parasites to plants, and can play an important role in the predisposition of the host plant to invasions by secondary pathogens. Chemical composition of the essential oils obtained from aerial parts (stem, flower, leaves) of A. rugosa grown in different countries has been the subject of some studies and a great variation in chemical composition of the essential oils were observed [22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36] This plant has been proved to have antimicrobial [26,32], anti-fungal [30,31] and antiviral activity [28]. A literature survey has shown that there are no reports on the nematidicidal activity of A. rugosa essential oil against root-knot nematodes, we decided to investigate for the first time the chemical constituents and nematicidal activity of the essential oil of A. rugosa against this species and to isolate any active constituent compounds from the essential oil
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