Chemical Composition and Insecticide Activity of Essential Oil of Mesosphaerum suaveolens Against Nauphoeta cinerea

José Weverton Almeida Bezerra,Maria Ivaneide Rocha,Raimunda Aureniza Feitosa,Priscilla Augusta De Sousa Fernandes,Conceiçao Taís De Araújo Pereira,Isabella Hevily Silva Torquato,João Cruz Neto,Talina Guedes Ribeiro,Francisco Alves Grangeiro Neto,Arycelle Alves De Oliveira,Ma Aparecida Barbosa Ferreira Gonçalo,Gledson Ferreira Macedo,Jacques Tavares Pereira Filho,Xenia Rodovalho De Alencar Germana,Adrielle Rodrigues Costa,Natália Barbosa Campos

doi:10.5296/jas.v8i2.15737

José Weverton Almeida Bezerra, Maria Ivaneide Rocha + Show 14 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i2.15737

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Abstract

Essential oils are compounds produced by secondary plant metabolites and are found in leaf trichomes, moreover, they are characteristic because they present strong odors and present biological activities. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the insecticidal action of Mesosphaerum suaveolens essential oil against nymphs of Nauphoeta cinerea as well as to characterize the chemical constituents present in it. The EO was extracted by means of hydrodistillation and its chemical characterization was done by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). For the biological assay against cockroaches, nymphs of 20 days old were selected for which they were submitted to different concentrations (50 - 1000 μg/mL oil per air) and mortality was evaluated over 48 hours of EO exposure. As a positive control, ethanol (C2H6O) was used. Have been identified 44 compounds in EO, with β-Caryophyllene (18.57%), sabinene (15.94%) and spatulenol (11.09%) being the major compounds of EO. This showed no activity against the nymphs at any of the concentrations, whereas the positive control caused mortality at all concentrations tested. Thus, the essential oil of M. suaveolens does not present insecticidal properties in low concentrations against the cockroach.

Highlights

Essential oils are compounds produced by secondary plant metabolites and are found in leaf trichomes, they are characteristic because they present strong odors and present biological activities (Bezerra et al, 2017)
According to table 1, the essential oil of M. suaveolens presents a heterogeneous chemical composition, since it had a total of 44 components
Relative proportions of the essential oil constituents were expressed as percentages

Summary

Introduction

Essential oils are compounds produced by secondary plant metabolites and are found in leaf trichomes, they are characteristic because they present strong odors and present biological activities (Bezerra et al, 2017) They are mainly composed of mono and sesquiterpenes, it is common to find other types of terpenes such as diterpenes (Bezerra et al, 2018). Among the annual species with insecticidal potential is Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze, belonging to Lamiaceae, a botanical family rich in volatile terpenes (Bezerra et al, 2017; Harley, 2016) This species is popularly known as "bamburral" and "lavender-brava" and has been shown to have insecticidal potential against Drosophila melanogaster (Bezerra et al, 2017), Sitophilus zeamais, Acanthscelides obtectus (Abere; Oguwike; Sumaila, 2016) and Anopheles gambiae (Ivoke; Okafor; Owoicho, 2017). The species exhibits insecticidal properties that can substitute synthetic products, since they present toxicity to non-target organisms (Zemolin et al, 2014)

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