Chemical composition and in vitro antibacterial activity of Artemisia ifranensis J. Didier essential oil Growing Wild in Middle Moroccan Atlas

Abstract

The essential oils of Artemisia ifranensis J. Didier (Asteraceae), collected from Timahdite (Moroccan Middle-Atlas) in April and June (2012) (vegetative and early bloom stages, respectively), were obtained by hydrodistillation and then analysed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Moreover, antibacterial activity essential oil was evaluated against pathogen germs isolated from hospital. Disc-diffusion method in solid medium and macrodilution method in liquid medium were, respectively, used to determine inhibition diameters and the antibacterial parameters to knowing, minimal inhibitory and bactericide concentrations (MIC and MBC). Essential oil yields were 0.58 ± 0.1% and 1.11 ± 0.3% (ml/100 g), respectively, in vegetative and blooming stages. For these periods, essential oil analyses revealed that β-Thujone was the most abundant compound in the plant with 50.0 and 41.1%, respectively. Oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes are the most important groups among identified compounds. For antibacterial activity, the results proved that essential oil was highly active against the Staphylococcus aureus.