Abstract
Eucalyptus globulus is planted extensively for pulp, paper and wood production. Although bioactive compounds obtained from its biomass are used as cosmetics ingredients, the skin effects were not yet fully explored. In order to fill this gap, this work aimed to study the protective effect against skin damage provided by the essential oil (EO) obtained from the hydrodistillation of Eucalyptus globulus leaves, and by an extract obtained from the hydrodistillation residual water (HRW). The major compound identified in the EO was 1,8-Cineole, and the phenolic acids in the HRW included gallic acid as the main phenolic constituent. Moreover, non-toxic EO and HRW concentrations were shown to have anti-aging skin effects in vitro, decreasing age-related senescence markers, namely β-galactosidase and matrix metalloproteinases activation, as well as collagen type 1 upregulation. In addition, EO and HRW were found to exhibit depigmenting effects by inhibiting tyrosinase and melanin production, along with potent anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, the absence of skin irritation and sensitization in cells exposed to EO and HRW revealed the safety of both extracts for topical use. Taken together, these results highlight the beneficial effects of extracts obtained from Eucalyptus globulus biomass for skin aesthetic and health purposes, which should be explored deeply for the prediction of future pharmaceutical and dermocosmetics industrial applications.
Highlights
This article is an open access articleThe skin is the largest organ of the human body, and is responsible for protection against mechanical and chemical injuries, vitamin D production, thermoregulation, and dehydration prevention; it supplies innate and adaptive immune defenses and functions as a sensory organ [1]
The essential oil (EO) yield is in accordance with previous studies performed using fresh leaves, and used the same extraction method [26–28]; one of them was conducted in Portugal [26–28]
A high 1,8-cineole content was found in EOs obtained from leaves of E. globulus planted in other countries, namely Australia (90.0%) [32], Italy (95.5%) [33], and Argentina (98.9%) [34]
Summary
This article is an open access articleThe skin is the largest organ of the human body, and is responsible for protection against mechanical and chemical injuries, vitamin D production, thermoregulation, and dehydration prevention; it supplies innate and adaptive immune defenses and functions as a sensory organ [1]. Pharmaceutics 2022, 14, 561 lifestyle factors (e.g., ultraviolet radiation, smoking, pollution and poor nutrition), but that can be triggered by immune system problems, diseases, by natural aging. The most common age-related skin conditions which result from structural and functional alterations include benign and malignant tumors, ulcers, dryness, increased pigmentation, the loss of elasticity, and wrinkling, among others [2]. With the growing search for health and wellbeing at all ages, which includes skin health and beauty, the development of skincare products and cosmetics incorporating bioactive compounds to prevent, delay or attenuate skin aging and its external signs has increased exponentially over the last few decades. The search for innovative products by the industry has stimulated the development of cosmetics with incorporated bioactive compounds
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