Chemical Composition and Bioactivity of Salvadora persica Extracts against Some Potato Bacterial Pathogens

Abstract

Potent antibacterial activities of solvent extracts (methanol:n-hexane) from the branch, leaf, and root-wood of Salvadora persica were examined against potato phytopathogenic bacteria, namely Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, Dickeya solani, Ralostonia solanacerum, Enterobacter cloacae, and Bacillus pumilus. The main chemical constituents analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) in the branch extracts were N-benzylbenzamide (71.08%), decane (3.17%), stigmasterol (3.17%), 9-desoxo-9-x-acetoxy-3,8,12-tri-O-acetylingol (2.33%), and β-sitosterol (2.15%). The main components in the leaf extracts were 2,6-dimethyl-N-(2-methyl-α-phenylbenzyl)aniline (28.65%), spiculesporic acid (13.60%), homo-γ-linolenic acid (12.63%), and methyl hexadecanoate (11.01%). The root-wood extracts contained, as primary parts, benzeneacetonitrile (71.47%), 4-aminocarbonyl-5-fluoro-1-α-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole (10.99%), and benzylisothiocyanate (5.05%). The extracts from the root-wood showed moderate antibacterial activity against the potato bacterial pathogens, which was followed by leaf and branch extracts. The results suggested that S. persica plant extracts could be used as bioagents against potato soft and brown rot bacterial pathogens.