Abstract
Gloiopeltis tenax (G. tenax) is widely distributed along the Chinese coastal areas and is commonly used in the treatment of diarrhea and colitis. This study aimed at investigating the bioactivities of the volatile constituents in G. tenax. We extracted the essential constituents of G. tenax by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (CO2-SFE), then identified and analyzed the constituents by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, 30 components were identified in the G. tenax extract. The components showed remarkable antioxidant activity (radical scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)), lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity (in a β-carotene/linoleic acid-coupled oxidation reaction), and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity (by deoxyribose degradation by iron-dependent hydroxyl radical), compared to butylated hydroxytoluene. In microdilution assays, G. tenax extracts showed a moderate inhibitory effects on Staphyloccocus aureus (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 3.9 mg/mL), Enterococcus faecalis (7.8 mg/mL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15.6 mg/mL), and Escherichia coli (3.9 mg/mL). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of G. tenax were related to the active chemical composition. These results suggest that the CO2-SFE extract from G. tenax has potential to be used as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent in food processing.
Highlights
Gloiopeltis tenax is an annual red alga that belongs to the Rhodophyta phylum, the Florideophyeeae class, the Cryptonemiales order, and the Endocladiaceae GloioPeltis J
The ingredient of G. tenax were extracted by CO2-Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)
Identification of constituents was based on comparison of their Kovats Index (KI) and the MS fragmentation pattern with reference compositions in the database of the NIST Mass Spectral Search Program
Summary
Gloiopeltis tenax is an annual red alga that belongs to the Rhodophyta phylum, the Florideophyeeae class, the Cryptonemiales order, and the Endocladiaceae GloioPeltis J. One principal cellular function of antioxidants is to prevent damage caused by the action of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [3]. Different studies show that antioxidant substances that scavenge free radicals play an important role in the prevention of free radical-induced diseases. Several synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), and tert-butyhydroquinone (TBHQ), are commercially available and currently used. Concerns about their safety and toxicity are hindering their use by the food industry [8,9]. In recent years consumer awareness of food quality and safety issues has significantly improved
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