Chemical Composition and Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil and its Major Component (Carlina oxide) of Carlina hispanica Roots from Western Algeria

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to study the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of essential oil and carlina oxide isolated to Carlina hispanica roots. The in vitro combinatory effect of carlina oxide with BHT, EDTA and diclofenac to reduce their minimum effective dose and minimize their side effects was also tested. The essential oil obtained from the roots has been studied using GC and GC/MS. Antioxidant activity was assessed using radical scavenging activity (DPPH), the β-carotene bleaching test using the BHT as a positive control, and the ferrous Iron chelating using EDTA as a positive control. The activity of anti-inflammatory was assessed by the protein denaturation method using the diclofenac as a positive control. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against six microbial strains using the Disc Diffusion Assay and the microplate method to determine the MIC. The essential oil of C. hispanica was represented mainly by an acetylenic compound carlina oxide (81.1 %) which was isolated and identified by spectroscopic 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR methods. The results of the biological activities showed that both essential oil and carlina oxide had an interesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory power. Likewise, the combinations of positive controls with carlina oxide showed better activities with a substantial reduction in inhibitory concentrations and dose of the antioxidants and anti-inflammatories synthetics. Further studies are needed to provide these positive control combinations with carlina oxide in the pharmaceutical industry. Keyworlds: Carlina hispanica, essential oil, carlina oxide, biological activities.