Abstract
Staphylococcus spp. is not only a commensal bacteria but also a major human pathogen that causes a wide range of clinical infections. Recent evidence suggests that Staphylococcus has the ability to colonize the reproductive system and to affect its structure and functions. The objective of this study was to determine the chemical properties and antibacterial effects of select essential oils (EOs): Amyris balsamifera L., Boswellia carterii Birdw., Canarium luzonicum (Blume) A. Gray, Cinnamomum camphora (L.) J. Presl., Cinnamomum camphora var. linaloolifera Y. Fuita, Citrus x aurantium L., Gaultheria procumbens L., Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers., Melaleuca ericifolia Smith., Melaleuca leucadendra L., Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth., Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck, Santalum album L., and Vetiveria zizanoides (L.) Roberty against 50 Staphylococcus spp. cultures isolated from human semen, specifically Staphylococcus aureus, S. capiti, S. epidermidis, S. haemoliticus, and S. hominis. The disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used to assess the antimicrobial potential and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the selected EOs. The best anti-Staphylococcus activities were found with both methods for the essential oils of C. luzonicum (Blume) A. Gray, A. balsamifera, C. camphora, and P. cabli.
Highlights
As much as fifteen percent of infertility in males are a result of infections of the genitourinary tract [1].Infections, both chronic and acute, lead to inflammation which compromises proper spermatogenic function [2,3,4]
Despite significant progress in the research of antimicrobial activity, extraction, and utilization of Essential oils (EOs), field studies on their application on opportunistic and pathogenic microbiota isolated from humans are needed [8]
Previous research suggests that the antimicrobial effect of EOs on human isolates could be used to prevent community- or hospital-acquired infections, which could become a suitable strategy to minimize the spread of antimicrobial resistance and to increase the efficiency of conservative treatment options [7,8,9]
Summary
As much as fifteen percent of infertility in males are a result of infections of the genitourinary tract [1] Infections, both chronic and acute, lead to inflammation which compromises proper spermatogenic function [2,3,4]. This causes alterations in the sperm quality and quantity. Essential oils (EOs) are a rich source of bioactive compounds, with some EOs exhibiting pronounced antimicrobial activity. Many plant parts, such as leaves, seeds, bark, resin, berries, flowers, roots, or fruits, contain EOs [7]. Previous research suggests that the antimicrobial effect of EOs on human isolates could be used to prevent community- or hospital-acquired infections, which could become a suitable strategy to minimize the spread of antimicrobial resistance and to increase the efficiency of conservative treatment options [7,8,9]
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