Abstract
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil isolated from berries from 2 different samples of Juniperus oxycedrus L. (Cupressaceae), growing wild in Republic of Macedonia was investigated. Performing GC/FID/MS analysis, one hundred components were identified, representing 96.0-98.95% of the oil. The major components were α-pinene (22.54- 27.12%), myrcene (11.26- 15.13%) and limonene (2.78-18.06%). Antimicrobial screening of the J. oxycedrus essential oils was made by disc diffusion and broth dilution method against 16 bacterial isolates of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and one strain of Candida albicans. The most sensitive bacteria was Haemophilus influenzae (MIC = 125 ml/ml). The essential oils showed moderate antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Corynebacterium spp., Escherichia coli and Campilobacter jejuni (MIC > 500 ml/ml) and no activity against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinetobacter spp., Salmonella enteritidis, Shigella flexnery, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus and Proteus mirabilis.
Highlights
Juniperus oxycedrus L. (Cupressaceae) is a hardy spreading plant, that vary in size from a low shrub to a tree of about 6 m
The plant is known as Cade juniper as well, mainly because of the oil that is obtained through destructive distillation of the wood
J. oxycedrus is known as Mediterranean equivalent of the common juniper, native across the Mediterranean region from Morocco and Portugal, southern France and east to Iran, Lebanon and Israel
Summary
Juniperus oxycedrus L. (Cupressaceae) is a hardy spreading plant, that vary in size from a low shrub to a tree of about 6 m. The plant is known as Cade juniper as well, mainly because of the oil that is obtained through destructive distillation of the wood. J. oxycedrus is known as Mediterranean equivalent of the common juniper, native across the Mediterranean region from Morocco and Portugal, southern France and east to Iran, Lebanon and Israel. It grows on rocky sites from sea level up to 1600 m altitude. Badia (H.Gay) Debeaux), distinguished on the basis of larger cones and described from northern Algeria, and reported for Portugal and Spain (Salido et al, 2002; Velasco-Negueruela et al, 2003) and J. oxycedrus subsp. J. oxycedrus subsp. badia (H.Gay) Debeaux), distinguished on the basis of larger cones and described from northern Algeria, and reported for Portugal and Spain (Salido et al, 2002; Velasco-Negueruela et al, 2003) and J. oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa (S. et Sm.) Ball., confined to Mediterranean coastal sands, which differs in the broader
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