Abstract
<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of <em>Origanum ramonense</em> essential oil extracted from the air-dried leaves against β-lactamase and extended-spectrum β-lactamase obtained from the patients with urinary tract infection. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC–MS. In vitro antibacterial activity was studied using disc diffusion and microdilution methods. Twenty compounds were identified representing 97.8% of the total oil. The major components were carvacrol (84.6%), p-cymene (4.3%) and γ-terpinene (3.3%). The oil showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all tested isolates. <em>Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> and <em>Enterobacter aerogenes</em> had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration values (0.015 µg/mL) followed by <em>Escherichia coli</em> (0.14 µg/mL). The lowest susceptible strains to oil were <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, E. coli</em> 25922 and <em>P. aeruginosa</em> 10145. The bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects at concentrations as low as 0.015 µg/mL indicated the potent antibacterial activity of <em>O. ramonense</em>. </p><p><strong>Video Clip of Methodology:</strong></p><p>Disc Diffusion method: 2 min 16 sec <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/HUZqSngRvmQ">Full Screen</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HUZqSngRvmQ">Alternate</a></p>
Highlights
Urinary tract infection is one of the most common and highly recurrent bacterial infections
The freshly collected materials were air dried at room temperature in the shade and the leaves were separated from the stem and subjected to essential oil extraction
Based on the dry weight of the plant, the obtained yield of the essential oil was determined as 0.9% (v/w)
Summary
Urinary tract infection is one of the most common and highly recurrent bacterial infections. Many other urinary tract infection-causing genera are isolated from the patients with a variable degree of infection such as Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, Serratia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Al-Asoufi et al, 2017). A significant number of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria among urinary tract infection patients, such as the extended β-lactamaseresistant bacteria, have been reported (Bartoletti et al, 2016). 12% of patient with UPEC urinary tract infection had fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates (Van der Starre et al, 2010). The increasing prevalence of urinary tract infection isolates that were resistant to routinely used antibiotics, to beta-lactams or extendedspectrum beta-lactamase, has stimulated interest in finding new and effective antimicrobial agents from other sources such as plants
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