Abstract
The emulsion samples used in this study were prepared from a tar sands bitumen, distilled water, and a commercial emulsifier. Direct observation of oil/water emulsion systems in the electron microscope is made possible by freezing the emulsions in a liquid nitrogen slush and mounting them on a cold stage in the electron microscope. X-ray analysis capabilities are retained with direct observation and this is a distinct advantage compared to the analysis of replicas. The qualitative X-ray studies completed so far show that it is possible to distinguish the chemical compositional differences of the dispersed and continuous phases, as well as to determine details about the composition of the interface itself.
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