Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant potential, and the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the plant species Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl) A. Gray. The essential oil obtained was used to identify the chemical compounds present through the techniques of GC-MS and NMR. The antioxidant potential was calculated by the sequestration method of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. For cytotoxic activity, the larval mortality of Artemia salina was evaluated. The main chemical constituents identified are αpinene (9.9%), Limonene (5.40%), (Z)-β-ocimene (4.02%), p-cymen-8-ol (3.0%), Piperitone (11.72%), (E)-nerolidol (3.78%) and Spathulenol (10.8%). In the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity, bacterial strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used. The results showed that the bacterium E. coli were more susceptible to the presence of the essential oil, presenting minimal inhibitory concentration at the concentrations that were exposed. The essential oil presented antioxidant activity of 54.6% at the concentration of 5 mg·mL−1 and provided a CI50 of 4.30. It was observed that the essential oil of this species was highly toxic against A. salina lavas, as its cytotoxic activity showed an LC50 of 3.11. Thus, it is concluded that T. diversifolia oils are effective in inhibiting bacterial growth and reducing oxidative stress.
Highlights
The Asteraceae (Compositae) family is known for its therapeutic, cosmetic and aromatic properties
The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant potential, and the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of the plant species Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl) A
The results of the chemical composition of the essential oil of leaves of the vegetal species of this study corroborate with the results of the research done by Lawal et al [24], which is similar in composition to that found in this study
Summary
The Asteraceae (Compositae) family is known for its therapeutic, cosmetic and aromatic properties. Among the species of this family stands the Tithonia diversifolia, popularly known as Margaridão, the Amazonian flower, and the Mexican sunflower. This species is native to Mexico, it can already be found in different regions of Brazil and Africa [6]. Little is known about the biological activities that the essential oils of T. diversifolia can provide for the treatment of different diseases described by ethnopharmacology [8] such as constipation, stomach pains, indigestion, sore throat, liver pain, menstrual pain [9], anti-inflammatory activities [10], anticancer activity [11], anti-amoebic [12], antiviral and activity against the human immunodeficiency virus [13]
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