Abstract
The use of treated sewage effluents (TSE) for irrigation purposes is a viable alternative for wastewater reuse and nutrient supply to the soil, which represent the two main environmental benefits. This work therefore evaluated the effect of the application of TSE on the quantity of nutrients added to the soil and changes in the chemical attributes of a Red-Yellow Latosol in the layer from 0.0 to 0.2 m cultivated with the bell pepper F1 Canary hybrid and surface drip irrigated. The experiment was carried out under field conditions from September 2015 to January 2016 in a randomized block statistical design with four replications, including the following treatments: river water, TSE, river water with base fertilization, TSE with base fertilization, TSE with cover fertilization, and TSE with cover and base fertilization. Irrigation of the bell pepper cultivation with TSE increased the level of potassium but did not affect the levels of phosphorus, organic matter and pH of the soil at the end of the growing cycle. The following amounts of nutrients were added to the soil by irrigation with TSE: 10 kg ha-1 of total nitrogen, 10 kg ha-1 of total potassium and 0.5 kg ha-1 of total phosphate. In general, TSE induced greater productivity of the peppers than those irrigated with river water, even when including mineral fertilization.
Highlights
With the growing awareness that water is a limited natural resource and has significant economic value, sustainable and rational use techniques are being increasingly implemented, including the use of treated sewage effluents (TSE), which is important in many regions, as in the Federal District, Brazil
During the pepper crop cycle, 10 kg ha-1 of total nitrogen, 10 kg ha-1 of total potassium and 0.5 kg ha-1 of total phosphate were added to the soil by means of irrigation with TSE
Irrigation performed exclusively with the effluent (Ie) in the pepper crop increased the levels of potassium, but did not affect phosphorus, organic matter and soil pH at the end of the growing cycle
Summary
With the growing awareness that water is a limited natural resource and has significant economic value, sustainable and rational use techniques are being increasingly implemented, including the use of treated sewage effluents (TSE), which is important in many regions, as in the Federal District, Brazil. According to Sapkota (2019), climate change and population growth are contributing to a growing global freshwater crisis that is exacerbating agricultural water scarcity and compromising food security and public health. In light of these challenges, the increased reliance on nontraditional irrigation water sources, such as reclaimed or recycled water, is emerging as a potentially viable strategy to address water and food insecurity worldwide. In Israel, for example, most orchards are irrigated with TSE, and the benefits to irrigation are apparent, there is evidence of its cumulative negative effects on soil, plants and productivity
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