Chemical and sensory characteristics of Gaglioppo wines obtained from grapes grown under two different water regimes

A Bosso,L Panero,S Motta,M Guaita,C Tsolakis,M Petrozziello,L Sansone,P Roca

doi:10.1051/bioconf/20191502008

A Bosso, L Panero + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191502008

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Abstract

Climate change can affect the crops production capacity and modify the water requirements in the different regions of the world. In particular, in southern Europe and in the Mediterranean region the vegetative cycle of plants will take place in a warmer and drier period, with the consequent increase in vegetative activity, transpiration rate, and water consumption. In the case of vine, the rationalization of water resource needs a deep knowledge of the complex relationships between climate, soil, water availability and grape variety, in order to preserve the high quality regional wine productions. In the Cirò DOC area (Calabria), the effect of irrigation, prolonged until maturity, on the polyphenolic content of the grapes was studied with the Gaglioppo red grapes variety, in order to verify whether a moderate post-veraison water supply could favour the completion of phenolic maturation. Two different water regimes were compared in the vineyard, and the physicochemical composition, the polyphenolic and aromatic profiles and the sensory characteristics of the resulting wines were studied. The study confirmed that the climatic variability of the different vintages can influence both the vegetative-productive activity of vines and the effect of water supplies.

Highlights

Climate change, besides affecting the crops production capacity [1], will result in a substantial modification of the water requirements, in complex ways, in the different regions of the world
Important transformations in the current climate are expected in southern Europe and in those areas of the Mediterranean region where an increase in temperature is forecasted, especially in summer with an increase in heat waves and a marked decrease in rainfalls, with a consequent decrease in water availability and intensification of increasingly severe periods of water scarcity [2], generally foreseeing an intensification of extreme events [3]
Considering the reduced water availability, a more sustainable management of irrigation needs, to deepen the studies on the complex relationships between climate, soil, water availability and grape variety, aiming to preserve, if not to improve, the high quality achieved in regional wine productions

Summary

Introduction

Besides affecting the crops production capacity [1], will result in a substantial modification of the water requirements, in complex ways, in the different regions of the world. From studies conducted on the adaptation of the vine to climate change, the vegetative cycle will take place in a warmer and drier period [4], during which the higher temperatures can have different influences on the plants; among these, the increase in vegetative activity and in the transpiration rate [5, 6], with a consequent increase in water consumption that will be only partially satisfied by natural inputs, pushing winegrowers to constantly use water complements to fill the rainfall deficit With such perspectives, the maximum rationalization of water resource management becomes necessary, due to the greater knowledge of the vine adaptive mechanisms and its actual physiological needs. The work concerned the comparison between the physicochemical composition, the polyphenolic and aromatic profiles and the sensory characteristics of wines obtained from grapes grown under 2 different water regimes and, during alcoholic fermentation, subjected to 2 different fermentative maceration techniques (with or without seeds removal)

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