Chemical and magnetic functionalization of graphene oxide as a route to enhance its biocompatibility.

Karolina Urbas,Xuecheng Chen,Malgorzata Aleksandrzak,Ewa Mijowska,Malgorzata Jedrzejczak,Magdalena Jedrzejczak,Rafal Rakoczy

doi:10.1186/1556-276x-9-656

Abstract

The novel approach for deposition of iron oxide nanoparticles with narrow size distribution supported on different sized graphene oxide was reported. Two different samples with different size distributions of graphene oxide (0.5 to 7 μm and 1 to 3 μm) were selectively prepared, and the influence of the flake size distribution on the mitochondrial activity of L929 with WST1 assay in vitro study was also evaluated. Little reduction of mitochondrial activity of the GO-Fe3O4 samples with broader size distribution (0.5 to 7 μm) was observed. The pristine GO samples (0.5 to 7 μm) in the highest concentrations reduced the mitochondrial activity significantly. For GO-Fe3O4 samples with narrower size distribution, the best biocompatibility was noticed at concentration 12.5 μg/mL. The highest reduction of cell viability was noted at a dose 100 μg/mL for GO (1 to 3 μm). It is worth noting that the chemical functionalization of GO and Fe3O4 is a way to enhance the biocompatibility and makes the system independent of the size distribution of graphene oxide.

Highlights

In recent years, graphene, well-defined 2D honeycomb-like network of carbon atoms, has attracted growing interest owing to its unprecedented combination of unique electrical, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties [1,2,3,4,5,6].Graphene derivative, graphene oxide chemically exfoliated from oxidized graphite, is considered as a promising material for biological applications due to its surface functionalizability, amphiphilicity, and excellent aqueous processability
Analysing the results demonstrated by Shundo et al, one can see that even higher concentration of iron oxide nanoparticles, between 125 and 1,000 μg/mL, does not reduce the cell viability [59]
We report a facile method of the preparation of graphene oxide-Fe3O4 nanoparticle hybrid

Summary

Introduction

Graphene oxide chemically exfoliated from oxidized graphite, is considered as a promising material for biological applications due to its surface functionalizability, amphiphilicity, and excellent aqueous processability. These extraordinary properties are mainly derived from its chemical structures composed of sp carbon domains surrounding sp carbon domain and a wide range of functional groups such as epoxy, hydroxyl, and carboxyl groups [7,8,9,10]. The magnetite, Fe3O4, has attracted significant attention in the field of biotechnology and medicine because of its strong magnetic properties and low toxicity [24,25,26]. In vitro and in vivo toxicity results often contradict each other are an area that needs more research

Methods

Results

Conclusion