Abstract
Echinops erinaceus Kit Tan is a wild plant growing in the middle regions of Saudi Arabia. From the available literature, nothing has been reported on its chemical analysis or biological activity. In this study, various extracts of Echinops erinaceus were estimated for their total phenolics, and flavonoids contents. The extracts were also evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity using DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS assays. Furthermore, the enzyme inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenases and 15-lipoxygenase was performed. The results showed that the polar and semi-polar extracts demonstrated considerable in vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
Highlights
Phytochemical analysis Qualitative phytochemical analysis Echinops erinaceus is a wild plant that is indigenous to the districted area in Saudi Arabia
The results showed that the remaining aqueous extract (RAq) has the highest amount of TTC (1.585 g/L-1) followed by EtOAc extract (0.494 g/L-1)
The total flavonoids content (TFC) was detected as mg quercetin equivalent per g dry weight of extract, while the total phenolic (TPC) was determined as mg gallic acid equivalent per g dry weight extract
Summary
Asteraceae, the Aster family, occupies the highest rank in the plant kingdom due to its great majority and global distribution. 1 It comprises about 1400 genera and more than 25000 species of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees, and is classified into three subfamilies and 17 tribes. 1, 2 Genus Echinops L., is one of the global thistle-like herbs that belong to the family Asteraceae, it contains over 130 species. 3, 4 Echinops species were classified only on the basis of morphological characteristics and taxonomically is still unclear. 5 On the phytogeography bases, 120 species of Echinops genus were found in the northern, and tropical Africa, Europe, Central Asia, and Mediterranean region, 6 as annuals, biennials, and perennials, 7 and recently another species was found in India.[3]. 1 Medicinally, the genus Echinops is one of the most useful genera from the family Asteraceae. 1 It comprises about 1400 genera and more than 25000 species of herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees, and is classified into three subfamilies and 17 tribes. 1, 2 Genus Echinops L., is one of the global thistle-like herbs that belong to the family Asteraceae, it contains over 130 species. Their extracts showed hepatoprotective, antioxidant, fungicidal, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, and antiphlogistic activities, based on their content of bioactive compounds.
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