Abstract
In vivo assays and chemical analyses were performed on the ethanolic extract from leaves of Eruca sativa. UHPLC-ESI-QTOF analysis confirmed the presence of glucosinolates and flavonol glucosides. The major flavonoid of the ethanolic extract, kaempferol-3,4′-di-O-β-glucoside, was isolated, a HPLC-DAD method developed and validated to quantify its content in the extract. In vivo experiments were carried out on Wistar rats with hyperuricaemia induced by potassium oxonate and uric acid. A hypouricaemic effect was observed in hyperuricaemic Wistar rats treated with ethanolic extract at dose of 125 mg/kg and kaempferol-3,4′-di-O-β-glucoside at dose of 10 mg/kg. The main anti-hyperuricaemic mechanism observed in the extract was uricosuric. Kaempferol-3,4′-di-O-β-glucoside was identified as an important component responsible for the total activity of the ethanolic extract and was considered as a good chemical and biological marker of the ethanolic extract of E. sativa. The obtained results indicated the potential of E. sativa in the treatment of hyperuricaemia and its comorbidities.
Highlights
Hyperuricaemia occurs due to the overproduction of uric acid or its insufficient excretion
Such biological activities are desirable since hyperuricaemia is closely related to endothelial dysfunction and is pointed out as a causal factor of diseases such as hypertension and diabetes [1]
A loss of a fragment of m/z 286, characteristic of a kaempferol aglycone, and the formation of a fragment with m/z 369 associated with a sinapoyl-hexose group, were observed. Another loss of a hexose (m/z 162) led to the formation of a fragment with m/z 207 of the sinapoyl group. These results suggested the peak identity with Rt = 16.2 min as kaempferol-3-(2-sinapoylβ-glucoside)-4 -O-glucoside
Summary
Hyperuricaemia occurs due to the overproduction of uric acid or its insufficient excretion. Eruca sativa Miller, is a vegetable widespread in several regions of the world and commonly used in food. It is consumed pure in salads, cooked with meat, processed in pesto or in the form of extracts. Animal models have already shown that rocket is associated with several biological activities, such as antihypertensive, nephroprotective and antidiabetic activities [4–6]. Such biological activities are desirable since hyperuricaemia is closely related to endothelial dysfunction and is pointed out as a causal factor of diseases such as hypertension and diabetes [1]. FFiigguurree11. .CChhrormomatoagtoragprhaipc hpircofiplreooffileethoafneotlhicaenxotrlaicteoxftErarucctaosfatEivraulceaavsaetsivanadlecaovmepsaarinsdoncoofmUpVa-rison of ssppeeccttrraaoof fMMF Fpepaekaakndankdaekmapefmeroplf.e(rao) lC.h(aro)mCahtorogrmamatoofgtrhaemethoafntohleiceetxhtraancot loifcEerxutcraascattiovaf lEerauvceas sativa le oobbttaaiinneeddbbyyHHPLPCL-DCA‐DDAaDt 2a64t n26m4. n(bm) U. (Vbs)pUecVtraspofecMtrFapoefakMeFxtrpaectaekd efrxotmracchterdomfarotomgracmhroofmatogra FFiigguurree1a1.a(.c)(Uc)VUspVecstrpaeocftkraaemofpfkearoelmstpanfedraordl isntjaenctdedarinddeinpjeencdteendtlyinadt tehpeesnadmeencthlryomatattohgerapsahmic e chrom gcornadpihtiiocncsoonf dMitFiopneasko. f MF peak
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