Abstract
Calculus Bovis, named Niuhuang in Traditional Chinese Medicine, is one of the most precious and commonly used Chinese medicinal materials, and it was first reported in Shennong Bencao Jing (The Divine Farmer's Herbal Classic, 22–250AD, the earliest monograph on medical materials in China) and recorded as top grade among the 365 drugs listed in this book[1]. Now there are several origins of Calculus Bovis, including natural, artificial and combined, which are different in chemical constituents and widely used in China[2–3]. In this study, the main components in various Calculus Bovis were studied by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet, evaporative light scattering detection and mass (UV, ELSD and MS) detection, and their chemical fingerprints were established for identification and evaluation of Calculus Bovis like products from different origins.
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