Chemerin as a cardiovascular biological marker: Present and future

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of invalidity and mortality in the majority of developed countries and are recognized by the international community as a pandemic problem. An important task of modern cardiology is the search and study of new biological markers. This literature review aimed to consider chemerin as a new diagnostic and prognostic marker for cardiovascular pathologies. Thus far, studies on chemerin indicate the possibility of its use as a marker of cardiovascular pathology. Evidence points to the important role of chemerin in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. As an adipokine, chemerin modulates glucose, and lipid levels, thereby influencing lipid deposition in the endothelium and progression of atherosclerosis. As a chemoattractant, it facilitates the mobilization and interaction of macrophages with dendritic cells and natural killer cells in the vascular system and induces endothelial angiogenesis. The established role of chemerin in vascular inflammation, angiogenesis, and blood pressure modulation opens serious prospects for the development of therapeutics targeting this biomarker for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Several candidates targeting chemerin and the CMRK1 signaling pathway have shown promising potential in reducing vascular dysfunction in in vitro and in vivo studies. Further studies analyzing the efficacy and safety of new chemerin-targeting drugs are needed to assess their potential.