Abstract
ABSTRACTObjective: To review findings on chemerin and factors related to cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents.Data source: A systematic review was performed, according to the standards proposed by the PRISMA guideline, on PubMed, Science Direct, and Lilacs databases. The descriptor “chemerin” was used in combination with “children” and “adolescent”, no time limit applied. The research encompassed only original articles written in English, conducted with human subjects - the adult and elderly populations excluded -, as well as literature reviews, brief communications, letters, and editorials.Data synthesis: After independent analyses of the studies by two reviewers, seven articles meeting the eligibility criteria, published between 2012 and 2016, remained for the review. Cross-sectional, prospective, cohort, and case-control studies were included. The importance of chemerin adipokines on the risk factors for cardiovascular disease is demonstrated by its association with obesity and diabetes mellitus, as well as clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical parameters. However, the strength of evidence from these studies is relatively low, due to their heterogeneity, with several limitations such as small samples and consequent lack of representativeness, lack of standardization in dosage methods, cross-sectional design of most studies, and impossibility of extrapolating results.Conclusions: The deregulation of chemerin caused by increased adipose tissue may contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases, suggesting that this adipokine may play a significant role in early identification of individuals at risk.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of death in Brazil since the 1960s, accounting for two-thirds of all deaths today.[1,2] Cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight, diabetes, systemic arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemias, which used to be more prevalent in adults and the elderly, are found in younger individuals.[3]It is important to stress that the atherosclerotic process onsets in childhood, its severity is proportional to the number of risk factors aggregated, ant it progresses with aging.[4]
Endothelial dysfunction preceding the development of atherosclerosis is associated with raised levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides, insulin resistance, inflammation, and adipokine secretion disorders.[5,6]
This study was based on the analysis of publications addressing the association of adipokines with cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents, being conducted according to the principles of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA).[15]
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases have been the leading cause of death in Brazil since the 1960s, accounting for two-thirds of all deaths today.[1,2] Cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight, diabetes, systemic arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemias, which used to be more prevalent in adults and the elderly, are found in younger individuals.[3]It is important to stress that the atherosclerotic process onsets in childhood, its severity is proportional to the number of risk factors aggregated, ant it progresses with aging.[4]. Adipokines are signaling molecules secreted by the adipose tissue[7] that function as circulating hormones able to communicate with other organs such as the liver, brain, immune system, and the adipose tissue itself.[8,9] Some adipokines are considered markers of cardiovascular risk, being good methods of diagnosis complementation. Their association with obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance has been pointed out in children and adolescents.[10,11]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
