Abstract
Cheiloscopy is a forensic investigation technique that deals with identification of humans based on lips traces. The aim of this study was to establish the uniqueness of lip prints and to look out for any new character which aids in personal identification. In the study, we followed the classification of patterns of the lines on the lips proposed by Jerzy Kasprzak in 1990. In the present study we collect the lip prints of 50 females of 18-25 years of age (having full dentition) were collected the lip prints were then studied for the pattern and characteristic features present at its quadrant for analyzing variations, and to determine the most common pattern in the study population. The statistical calculation after study estimated that Simple Bifurcation is more prominent in upper lip with 56% and Simple Bottom Bifurcation is prominent in lower lip with 68%. However calculation shows that A Line Like (I) feature is most common, when both upper and lower lips are taken into consideration with 44% presence. On extensive of lip prints samples, a new character “A Bar” denoted as “x” in the script was found in both upper and lower lip with a requency of 14% and 16% respectively. The present study is an attempt to propose a better method of personal identification based on lip prints for forensic investigation.
Highlights
Lip prints are usual outlines and cracks, which can be seen like lines and rucked present on human lip
Simple Bottom Bifurcation was found prominent in lower lip with (68%) frequency distribution during the study, Study of lip print on 64 Japanese subject conducted by Tsuchihashi et al, found that ‘crossing line’ was the most frequent with (64.6%) of cases which contrasts the finding of present study, but it signifies the variation on pattern on different races and population [13]
In the present study the simple top bifurcation is most prominent in upper lip and simple bottom bifurcation is most common in lower lip
Summary
Lip prints are usual outlines and cracks, which can be seen like lines and rucked present on human lip. The groove present on the red part of human lips is unique and uses to determine the identity of person. The study of these grooves or furrow present at the zone of transition of outer skin and inner skin and inner labial mucosa is known as Cheiloscopy [2]. As I understand Human identification is a universal process based on scientific principles, mainly involving fingerprinting, and biometrics. Just like these techniques the lip print is use to identify the pattern present on the red part of the lip and considered as an important tool of personal identification. This evidence is analysed in criminal laboratory and outcome may be satisfactory criminal [7]
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