Abstract
The state of Tocantins is located in Central Brazil. The northern extreme of this state corresponds to the southeastern portion of the Amazon biome, while it is covered primarily by Cerrado savanna, as well as the transition area between these two biomes. We provide a checklist of large- and medium-bodied mammals from four localities in Tocantins, update the list of species for the state, and compile the available information on their geographic distribution. We surveyed mammals at four sites during different periods (between 2010 and 2018), using camera traps and opportunistic observations. In spite of the differences in the sampling effort among the sites, we recorded 42 mammal species belonging to eight orders and 20 families. Our list includes rare and threatened species, such as the jaguar (Panthera onca), the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), and the lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris). One species (Galictis cuja) was recorded in the state for the first time and the known range distribution of two others (Speothos venaticus and Alouatta caraya) was updated.
Highlights
The Brazilian state of Tocantins has a total area of 277,600 km2 and is located in central Brazil, where it is bordered by six other states (Pará, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Piauí, and Bahia)
The bearded capuchin, Sapajus libidinosus (Spix, 1823), was recorded by a camera trapping, while all the other primate species were recorded by visual observations
Fifteen species were only observed at the Cerrado localities, while three (Bradypus variegatus Schinz, 1825, Alouatta belzebul (Linnaeus, 1766), and Saimiri collinsi Osgood, 1916) were exclusive to the ecotone site
Summary
The Brazilian state of Tocantins has a total area of 277,600 km and is located in central Brazil, where it is bordered by six other states (Pará, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Goiás, Piauí, and Bahia). Tocantins is part of the ‘MATOBIPA’ region, which includes portions of Maranhão, Piauí, and Bahia states, where the Cerrado savanna has suffered high rates of deforestation for the cultivation of soybean (Carvalho et al, 2019). Tocantins encompasses two principal biomes (IBGE, 2004a), the Amazon (tropical forest), in the far north of the state, and the Cerrado (Neotropical savanna), which covers approximately 87% of the state. The Amazon is the richest Brazilian biome for mammalian species, with 399 species and 231 endemic taxa, while the Cerrado is the third richest, with 251 mammal species, of which 32 are endemic (Paglia et al, 2012; Percequillo & Gregorin, 2017). Only a limited amount of data is available on the occurrence of the medium- and largebodied mammal that occur in Tocantins state, and the available species inventories are all restricted to the area of Cerrado (Carmignotto & Aires, 2011; Marinho-Filho et al, 2002; Lima et al, 2005; Nogueira et al, 2011)
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