Abstract
Research background: The first notable early chatbots were created in the sixties, but the growing use of artificial intelligence (AI) has powered them significantly. Studies show that basically chatbots are created and used for purposes by government and business, mostly in consumer service and marketing. The new Proposal of the Artificial intelligence act aims to promote the uptake of AI and address the risks associated with certain uses of such technology. However, the act contains only minimum transparency obligation for some specific AL systems such as chatbots. Purpose of the article: In light of this issue, the article aims to discuss how existing European Union (EU) consumer law is equipped to deal with situations in which the use of chatbots can pose the risks of manipulation, aggressive commercial practices, intrusion into privacy, exploitation of a consumer’s vulnerabilities and algorithmic decision making based on biased or discriminatory results. Methods: The article will analyse the legal framework, compare guidance documents and countries’ experiences, study results of different consumer behavior researches and scientific articles. Findings & Value added: The article reveals several gaps in current EU consumer law and discusses the flaws of proposing legislation (particularly the Proposal for an Artificial intelligence act) regarding relations between business and consumers.
Highlights
The advances of digitalization come with important benefits for consumers as they can access a wider range of goods and services in a more convenient manner
The article aims to analyse how existing European Union (EU) consumer law, including the Proposal for an Artificial intelligence act is equipped to deal with situations in which the use of chatbots can pose the risks of manipulation, aggressive commercial practices, intrusion into privacy, exploitation of a consumer’s vulnerabilities and algorithmic decision making based on biased or discriminatory results
This paper is structured as follows: Chapter 2 gives an overview of the potentials use of chatbots as artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in consumer markets, the problematic features, and the specific risks these AI systems pose for consumers; Chapter 3 addresses the businesses liability for AI during the life cycle of chatbot and looks toward the future, asking whether current Proposal for an Artificial intelligence act can close the gaps that currently exist in European consumer law as it applies to chatbots as AI systems
Summary
The advances of digitalization come with important benefits for consumers as they can access a wider range of goods and services in a more convenient manner. The article aims to analyse how existing EU consumer law, including the Proposal for an Artificial intelligence act is equipped to deal with situations in which the use of chatbots can pose the risks of manipulation, aggressive commercial practices, intrusion into privacy, exploitation of a consumer’s vulnerabilities and algorithmic decision making based on biased or discriminatory results. This paper is structured as follows: Chapter 2 gives an overview of the potentials use of chatbots as AI technologies in consumer markets, the problematic features, and the specific risks these AI systems pose for consumers; Chapter 3 addresses the businesses liability for AI during the life cycle of chatbot and looks toward the future, asking whether current Proposal for an Artificial intelligence act can close the gaps that currently exist in European consumer law as it applies to chatbots as AI systems In addition to such exploration, the article provides some suggestions
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