Abstract
This study was focused on elucidating the origin of the catalytic activity displayed by non-precious-metal-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts before and after heat treatment. Electrochemical measurements were recorded using a series of metal phthalocyanines calculated to exhibit varying oxygen adsorption energies before and after heat treatment at a temperature sufficiently high to facilitate degradation. Collectively, the results indicate that while the oxygen adsorption is germane to the catalytic activity before heat treatment, the ORR appears to proceed through a different pathway that is not dependent on adsorption energy after heat treatment. These conclusions help to explain the high catalytic activities exhibited by carbon- or nitrogen-based materials containing metal ions after heat treatment and may lead to the realization of substitutes for ORR catalysts that utilize precious transition metals.
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