Abstract
Charles Nicolle, recipient of the Nobel Prize for his work on exanthematous typhus, was born in Rouen, capital of the ancient province of Normandy, the son of a practicing physician.<sup>1</sup>He received his medical education in Rouen and completed his internship in the hospitals of Paris in 1893. After teaching for a time in his alma mater, he studied in the Pasteur Institute of Paris under the direction of Metchnikoff and Roux. In 1902, he was appointed the first director of the Pasteur Institute of Tunis in North Africa and remained at his post until his death 33 years later. Nicolle's investigations concentrated upon infectious diseases indigenous to the southern coast of the Mediterranean Sea; however, his laboratory attracted students from countries throughout Europe as well as from the United States. Within a relatively short time the scientific status and the bacteriologic research of the Institute in North Africa,
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